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Semi Precious Gemstone
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Amethyst
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Citrine
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Yellow or golden yellow quartz is called citrine. Citrine crystals can form together with amethyst or smoky quartz to form ametrine and bi-colored quartz. Citrine and topaz are the birthstones of the month of November.
Citrine is a yellow-to-golden member of the quartz mineral group. A deep golden variety from Madiera Spain can resemble the costly imperial topaz gem stone, which is one reason that citrine is a popular birthstone alternative to those born in November.
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Garnet
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Garnet is the name which can be applied to six similar mineral species, namely almandine, pyrope, spessartine, grossular, andradite and uvarovite. To further complicate matters, many garnets are actually a combination of these minerals. Rhodolite garnet for instance, is a combination of almandine and pyrope, and is sometimes referred to as pyrope-almandine garnet. There are also many trade names and other commonly used names which only adds to the confusion, such as Rhodolite, Tsavorite, Hessonite, Malaya, Mozambique, Mandarin, Ant-hill, Leuco, Hydrogrossular, Demantoid, Melanite, Topazolite, Thai. Other names such as "cape ruby" are simply misleading and deceptive. Some garnets also exhibit color change and stars.
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Smokey Quartz
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Smoky or smokey quartz is a brown to black variety of quartz.[1] Like other quartz gems, it is a silicon dioxide crystal. The smoky colour results from free silicon, formed from the silicon dioxide by natural irradiation.
Smokey Quartz is a grounding stone that transmutes negative energies and facilitates your ability to get things done in the practical world. It enhances organizational skills and is good to have around in the workplace or home office.
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Rose Quartz
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The soft pink variety of quartz, generally cloudy, or milky in appearance due to minute inclusions of foreign substances. It's somewhat more rare than other varieties of quartz.
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Lemon Quartz
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Lemon quartz is the lemon yellow variety of quartz. It is more lemon in color than a citrine, which has tones of orange in it. Citrine and Amethyst are both in the quartz family of gemstones. Some people mistakenly call prasiolite lemon quartz -- prasiolite has a green tone in it, and is also called green amethyst. It is also known as green gold or lemon citrine.
Quartz comes from all over the world with some of the most famous sources including Brazil and Africa. Most of the world supply of lemon quartz comes from Brazil.
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Pink Quartz
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Pink quartz is a rose-red variety of clear quartz, rarely found as crystals, but usually in massive sized shards. Clear pink quartz exhibits a somewhat greasy luster. The pink from the crystal comes from manganese. Pink quartz becomes paler on exposure, so to improve the color, leave the stone in a damp place. In nature, pink quartz is often cracked, so it is a pleasure to find a nice piece of pink quartz intact, and makes them more valuable. Pink quartz comes from many places around the world, but the best quality can be found in Oxford County, Maine and the Black Hills in the United States, the Urals, Brazil and Ceylon. Pink quartz is almost always milky and shows little dichroism. The physical characteristics of pink quartz are as follows:
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Green Quartz
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Green quartz is known for its lemon, lime color. Commercially available green quartz is either lab treated or naturally heated colorless quartz or green amethyst. Naturally heated green quartz (amethyst heated in the earth) takes on a deep green, while lab treated green quartz is generally a lighter lime green. Green quartz is artificially produced by heating amethyst of only particular locations such as from Brazil. Green quartz is synonymously called green amethyst. Usually amethyst turns brown, yellow or orange when lab treated, so green quartz is a more rare color for quartz. On Moh's Scale of Hardness, green quartz is a 7, so it is a durable gemstone.
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Beer Quartz
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Peridot
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Peridot which is pronounced as Pear-ih doe, is a wonderful gemstone that is not found in many regions of the world. While known for thousands of years, many times it was incorrectly called Chrysolite. Peridot is usually noted as a beautiful olive green stone. While other colors such as brown, yellow, yellowish brown and brownish green are available, by the far the most popular and attractive are the olive green colored gemstones.
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Rodolite
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Rhodolite is a purplish red variety of garnet that has been used since ancient times. The name rhodolite is Greek, meaning rose stone. During the Middle Ages, garnet was regarded as a gem of faith, truth and constancy. All garnets have been associated with blood related topics, such as remedies for hemorrhages. Asiatic tribes fashioned bullets out of garnets, instead of lead, as they believed the garnet bullets were more deadly. As late as 1892, the Hanzas used garnet bullets against British troops.
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Turmaline
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Tourmaline is one of the most varied and complex gemstones found on earth. It is extremely attractive and usually has fine attributes for high quality jewelry grade stones, these gemstones usually consist of at least dozen or more elements that all work in concert to create the beautiful hues that Tourmaline can come in.
This mineral has been known to man for millennia, however newer colors have been found in the last one hundred years. These stones are primarily made from lithium, aluminum, borate and silicon, from here on it can have plenty of other trace elements. Tourmaline is found mostly in volcanic pegmatites, but can also be found in alluvial and eluvia deposits. The colors that are available for Tourmaline range the color spectrum and include pink, red, brown, blue, yellow, etc.
Tourmaline comes from the Singhalese word tourmali which means mixed stone. Besides being a wonderful gemstone for jewelry, it has been used in the past for medicinal and mystical purposes. For instance, in ancient and medieval times, it was thought that Tourmaline would make one intellectually sharp and that it would help an individual with creativity. It is also said to help a person resist greed and to be a calmer, happier person.
Mining for Tourmaline can occur in many regions around the world and it is currently known to be found in several hundreds mines. Certain colors can be mistaken for specific types of gems. However, under closer examination, Tourmaline can usually be detected. If you are looking for a high quality stone that comes in an assortment of very beautiful colors, check out Tourmaline
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Opel
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Opal is one of the most attractive stones and with its wonderful traits and variety of deep, rich colors that it comes in, it has become one of the more popular gemstones of our time.
Opal is made from sand and water. Usually the sand comes in the form of limestone, sandstone, rhyolite or basalt. These silicates usually mix with water usually from meters underground in the water tables. Opal is created at very low temperatures, usually at 200 degrees Celsius or less.
For the most part Opal is used for ornamental jewelry and it is a wonderful stone for many high quality pieces of jewelry. For instance, Opal comes in a wonderful array of colors such as white, black, gray, orange, yellow and red. Red is usually the most attractive color for Opal and it comes in either cherry or fire red. Another great trait of Opal is its opalescence. Opalescence is a kind of light play that happens with certain high quality stones. Light reflects and bounces around the very small structures of the stone, giving it a wonderful glow and sometimes iridescence.
Opal is used for many types of ornamental jewelry pieces and while it a great stone for jewelry, synthetic opal is also used. Synthetic opal is very popular as well, because it is able to mimic extremely high quality Opal. Most people prefer synthetic opal due to the great traits and colors that synthetic Opal achieves. If you are looking for a stunning stone, Opal definitely delivers.
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Rotile
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Moon Stone
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The moonstone is characterised by an enchanting play of light. Indeed it owes its name to that mysterious shimmer which always looks different when the stone is moved and is known in the trade as 'adularescence'. In earlier times, people believed they could recognise in it the crescent and waning phases of the moon.
Moonstones from Sri Lanka, the classical country of origin of the
moonstone, shimmer in pale blue on an almost transparent background. Specimens from India feature a nebulous interplay of light and shadow on a background of beige-brown, green, orange or brown. These discreet colours, in connection with the fine shimmer, make the moonstone an ideal gemstone for jewellery with a sensual, feminine aura. This gemstone was very popular once before, about a hundred years ago at the time of Art Nouveau. It adorns a noticeably large number of the jewellery creations of the French master goldsmith René Lalique and his contemporaries, mainly to be found in museums and collections today.
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Carnelian
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Carnelian (also sometimes referred to as cornelian) is found primarily in India, as well as various sites in South America. It is a variety of chalcedony. The most favorable pieces are a deep red to red-orange hue. Carnelian has a long and storied past, and was once considered strictly the property of the noble class. People holding a high social status were often buried with this gem stone.
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Aquamarine
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From the light blue of the sky to the deep blue of the sea, aquamarines shine over an extraordinarily beautiful range of mainly light blue colours. Aquamarine is a fascinatingly beautiful gemstone. Women the world over love it for its fine blue shades which can complement almost any skin or eye colour, and creative gemstone designers are inspired by it as they are by hardly any other gem, which enables them to create new artistic cuts again and again.
Its light blue arouses feelings of sympathy, trust, harmony and friendship. Good feelings. Feelings which are based on mutuality and which prove their worth in lasting relationships. The blue of aquamarine is a divine, eternal colour, because it is the colour of the sky. However, aquamarine blue is also the colour of water with its life-giving force. And aquamarine really does seem to have captured the lucid blue of the oceans. No wonder, when you consider that according to the saga it originated in the treasure chest of fabulous mermaids, and has, since ancient times, been regarded as the sailors' lucky stone. Its name is derived from the Latin 'aqua' (water) and 'mare' (sea). It is said that its strengths are developed to their best advantage when it is placed in water which is bathed in sunlight. However, it is surely better still to wear aquamarine, since according to the old traditions this promises a happy marriage and is said to bring the woman who wears it joy and wealth into the bargain. An ideal gem, not only for loving and married couples.
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Tanzanite
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Tanzanite is a relatively new gemstone, discovered in 1967. It is said that Masai tribesmen walking through the plains of Tanzania came across a stone that was seen to be hit with lightning. This mineral was Zoisite and the mineral was a beautiful deep blue with a tinge of purple surrounding the center. This new mineral was later named Tanzanite with the help of Tiffany’s and Co. and from this point on became a favorite of the jewelry marketplace.
It is an extraordinary mineral in that it gives off a wonderful hue, most notably deep blue with a hint of purple. However it can come in other colors as well including purple or brownish yellow.
Some of the stones even include a trichromism effect, meaning they can reflect three different colors depending on the angle which you look at the stone. Usually they include a purple, blue and yellow or green.
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Topaz
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It is a fluorine aluminium silicate and comes in yellow, yellow-brown, honey-yellow, flax, brown, green, blue, light blue, red and pink ... and sometimes it has no colour at all. The topaz.
The colour in which the topaz is most commonly found is yellow, and that is the colour in which it occurs in one of the major German gemstone rocks, the Schneckenstein (a topaz-bearing rock said to resemble a snail) in Saxon
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London Blue Topaz
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Sky Blue Topaz
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Sky Blue Topaz is a form of Topaz with a blue color center. Topaz is generally colorless and found in moderate quantities all over the world, it is an aluminum fluorosilicate. While Blue Topaz is perhaps the most popular type of Topaz, Topaz does come in a wide range of colors. Topaz can be found in colors such as yellow, brown and brownish green. Topaz can also come in Imperial Topaz colors. Imperial Topaz colors include the colors pink, orange, violet and the rarest of all red
Blue Topaz is a glassy, transparent or translucent gemstone. It is generally very hard earning an 8 on the Moh’s hardness scales, however because of its near perfect cleavage, it can fracture extremely easily. It is important if you wear Topaz often, to be very gentle with it and protect it from hard impacts. Topaz can be cut into almost any shape and size. While the largest piece of Topaz every found, was from Brazil weighing over 6 kilograms, most Topaz found are only a few carats in size.
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Swiss Blue Topaz
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Blue Topaz is a form of Topaz with a blue color center. Topaz is generally colorless and found in moderate quantities all over the world, it is an aluminum fluorosilicate. While Blue Topaz is perhaps the most popular type of Topaz, Topaz does come in a wide range of colors. Topaz can be found in colors such as yellow, brown and brownish green. Topaz can also come in Imperial Topaz colors. Imperial Topaz colors include the colors pink, orange, violet and the rarest of all red
Blue Topaz is a glassy, transparent or translucent gemstone. It is generally very hard earning an 8 on the Moh’s hardness scales, however because of its near perfect cleavage, it can fracture extremely easily. It is important if you wear Topaz often, to be very gentle with it and protect it from hard impacts. Topaz can be cut into almost any shape and size. While the largest piece of Topaz every found, was from Brazil weighing over 6 kilograms, most Topaz found are only a few carats in size.
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Labodorite
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Tsavorite
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Sodalite
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This semi-opaque blue-green variety of feldspar is named after the Amazon River.
Amazonite balances feminine and masculine energy. It promotes kindness and practicality. It is an excellent stone for artists and for men.
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Charoite
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Amozonite
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Onex
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